dev: Add OOM test for component ResourceAny::resource_drop_async (#13051)

Convert several infallible allocations to fallible alternatives:
- HandleTable::slots: Vec<Slot> -> TryVec<Slot>
- HostResourceData::table_slot_metadata: Vec<TableSlot> -> TryVec<TableSlot>
- Resource type tracking: PrimaryMap<ResourceIndex, ResourceType> ->
  TryPrimaryMap across vm/component.rs, instance.rs, matching.rs,
  types.rs, component.rs, and linker.rs
- Backtrace trace_through_continuations: remove Vec::collect() calls,
  iterate directly to avoid allocation
- catch_traps: Box::new(Trap) -> try_new::<Box<_>>(Trap)