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support openCypher-like relationsiop-type edge alternation#2468

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eeshwarg:relationship-type-alternation
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support openCypher-like relationsiop-type edge alternation#2468
eeshwarg wants to merge 1 commit into
apache:masterfrom
eeshwarg:relationship-type-alternation

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@eeshwarg eeshwarg commented Jul 7, 2026

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Apache AGE's MATCH grammar rejects openCypher's relationship-type alternation syntax - MATCH ()-[:A|B]->() fails at parse time with syntax error at or near "|". For example, a query like SELECT * FROM cypher('kg_s7', $$ MATCH (p)-[:WORKS_AT|REPORTS_TO]->(c) RETURN c $$) AS (c agtype); throws a syntax error. A workaround for this today is to run something like SELECT * FROM cypher('kg_s7', $$ MATCH (p)-[r]->(c) WHERE type(r) IN ['WORKS_AT','REPORTS_TO'] RETURN c $$) AS (c agtype);.

This change enables support for relationship-type alternation in accordance with the openCypher standard. Changes are made in the grammar, AST and during transformation from the AST to Postgres Query struct by adding the types to the quals list.

Variable-length relationship patterns with alternation ([:A|B*1..2]) are explicitly rejected with ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED.

Testing:

  • Added regress test with cases with directed/undirected edges, and variable length edges

Future work:

  • openCypher also supports node-type alternation (like n:Person|Customer), which could be added to AGE in a future PR

Apache AGE's MATCH grammar rejects openCypher's relationship-type alternation syntax -
`MATCH ()-[:A|B]->()` fails at parse time with `syntax error at or near "|"`. For example,
a query like `SELECT * FROM cypher('kg_s7', $$ MATCH (p)-[:WORKS_AT|REPORTS_TO]->(c) RETURN c $$) AS (c agtype);`
throws a syntax error. A workaround for this today is to run something like
`SELECT * FROM cypher('kg_s7', $$ MATCH (p)-[r]->(c) WHERE type(r) IN ['WORKS_AT','REPORTS_TO'] RETURN c $$) AS (c agtype);`.

This change enables support for relationship-type alternation in accordance with the openCypher
standard. Changes are made in the grammar, AST and during transformation from the AST to Postgres
`Query` struct by adding the types to the `quals` list.

Variable-length relationship patterns with alternation `([:A|B*1..2])` are explicitly rejected
with `ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED`.

Testing:
- Added regress test with cases with directed/undirected edges, and variable length edges

Future work:
- openCypher also support node-type alternation (like n:Person|Customer), which could be
added to AGE in a future PR
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