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| Selenium is a set of different software tools each with a different approach to supporting browser automation. These tools are highly flexible, allowing many options for locating and manipulating elements within a browser, and one of its key features is the support for automating multiple browser platforms. This package contains the .NET bindings for the concise and object-based Selenium WebDriver API, which uses native OS-level events to manipulate the browser, bypassing the JavaScript sandbox, and does not require the Selenium Server to automate the browser. | ||
| # Selenium.WebDriver | ||
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| # Usage | ||
| .NET language bindings for [Selenium WebDriver](https://selenium.dev). | ||
| Selenium automates browsers for testing and web-based task automation. | ||
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| ## Installation | ||
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| ```bash | ||
| dotnet add package Selenium.WebDriver | ||
| ``` | ||
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| ## Quick Start | ||
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| ```csharp | ||
| using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome; | ||
| using OpenQA.Selenium; | ||
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| await using var driver = new ChromeDriver(); | ||
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| driver.Url = "https://www.google.com"; | ||
| driver.FindElement(By.Name("q")).SendKeys("webdriver" + Keys.Return); | ||
| driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev"; | ||
| Console.WriteLine(driver.Title); | ||
| ``` | ||
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| # Contributing | ||
| Contributions are accepted either through [GitHub](https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/) pull requests or patches via the [Selenium issue tracker](https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues). | ||
| Selenium Manager automatically handles browser driver installation — no manual driver setup required. | ||
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| ## Documentation | ||
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| - [Getting Started](https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/webdriver/getting_started/) | ||
| - [.NET API Docs](https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/docs/api/dotnet/) | ||
| - [Selenium Manager](https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/selenium_manager/) | ||
| - [Selenium Grid](https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/grid/) | ||
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| ## Support | ||
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| - [Selenium Chat](https://www.selenium.dev/support/#ChatRoom) | ||
| - [GitHub Issues](https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues) | ||
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| ## Contributing | ||
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| Contributions are welcome via [GitHub](https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/) pull requests. | ||
| See the [source code](https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/tree/trunk/dotnet) for this binding. | ||
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| ## Links | ||
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| - [NuGet](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Selenium.WebDriver) | ||
| - [Documentation](https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/?tab=dotnet) | ||
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| ## License | ||
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| Licensed under the [Apache License 2.0](https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0). | ||
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| # Selenium WebDriver — Java | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Java language bindings for [Selenium WebDriver](https://selenium.dev). | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Selenium automates browsers for testing and web-based task automation. | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| ## Installation | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| ### Maven | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| ```xml | ||||||||||||||||||||
| <dependency> | ||||||||||||||||||||
| <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId> | ||||||||||||||||||||
| <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId> | ||||||||||||||||||||
| <version>${selenium.version}</version> | ||||||||||||||||||||
| </dependency> | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| ``` | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| ### Gradle | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| ```groovy | ||||||||||||||||||||
| implementation 'org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-java:${selenium.version}' | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| ``` | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Replace `${selenium.version}` with the latest version from [Maven Central](https://central.sonatype.com/artifact/org.seleniumhq.selenium/selenium-java). | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| ## Quick Start | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| ```java | ||||||||||||||||||||
| import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; | ||||||||||||||||||||
| import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| public class Example { | ||||||||||||||||||||
| public static void main(String[] args) { | ||||||||||||||||||||
| WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); | ||||||||||||||||||||
| driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev"); | ||||||||||||||||||||
| System.out.println(driver.getTitle()); | ||||||||||||||||||||
| driver.quit(); | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev"); | |
| System.out.println(driver.getTitle()); | |
| driver.quit(); | |
| try { | |
| driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev"); | |
| System.out.println(driver.getTitle()); | |
| } finally { | |
| driver.quit(); | |
| } |
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| # selenium-webdriver | ||
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| Selenium is a browser automation library. Most often used for testing | ||
| web-applications, Selenium may be used for any task that requires automating | ||
| interaction with the browser. | ||
| JavaScript language bindings for [Selenium WebDriver](https://selenium.dev). | ||
| Selenium automates browsers for testing and web-based task automation. | ||
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| ## Installation | ||
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| Selenium may be installed via npm with | ||
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| npm install selenium-webdriver | ||
| Requires Node >= 20. | ||
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| You will need to download additional components to work with each of the major | ||
| browsers. The drivers for Chrome, Firefox, and Microsoft's IE and Edge web | ||
| browsers are all standalone executables that should be placed on your system | ||
| [PATH]. Apple's safaridriver (v10 and above) can be found at the | ||
| following path – /usr/bin/safaridriver. To enable automation on safari, | ||
| you need to run command `safaridriver --enable`. | ||
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| | Browser | Component | | ||
| | :---------------- | :------------------------------- | | ||
| | Chrome | [chromedriver(.exe)][chrome] | | ||
| | Internet Explorer | [IEDriverServer.exe][release] | | ||
| | Edge | [MicrosoftWebDriver.msi][edge] | | ||
| | Firefox | [geckodriver(.exe)][geckodriver] | | ||
| | Opera | [operadriver(.exe)][operadriver] | | ||
| | Safari | [safaridriver] | | ||
| ## Installation | ||
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| ## Usage | ||
| ```bash | ||
| npm install selenium-webdriver | ||
| ``` | ||
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| The sample below and others are included in the `example` directory. You may | ||
| also find the tests for selenium-webdriver informative. | ||
| ## Quick Start | ||
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| ```javascript | ||
| const { Builder, Browser, By, Key, until } = require('selenium-webdriver') | ||
| const { Builder, Browser } = require('selenium-webdriver') | ||
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| ;(async function example() { | ||
| let driver = await new Builder().forBrowser(Browser.FIREFOX).build() | ||
| let driver = await new Builder().forBrowser(Browser.CHROME).build() | ||
| try { | ||
| await driver.get('https://www.google.com/ncr') | ||
| await driver.findElement(By.name('q')).sendKeys('webdriver', Key.RETURN) | ||
| await driver.wait(until.titleIs('webdriver - Google Search'), 1000) | ||
| await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev') | ||
| console.log(await driver.getTitle()) | ||
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| } finally { | ||
| await driver.quit() | ||
| } | ||
| })() | ||
| ``` | ||
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| ### Using the Builder API | ||
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| The `Builder` class is your one-stop shop for configuring new WebDriver | ||
| instances. Rather than clutter your code with branches for the various browsers, | ||
| the builder lets you set all options in one flow. When you call | ||
| `Builder#build()`, all options irrelevant to the selected browser are dropped: | ||
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| ```javascript | ||
| const webdriver = require('selenium-webdriver') | ||
| const chrome = require('selenium-webdriver/chrome') | ||
| const firefox = require('selenium-webdriver/firefox') | ||
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| let driver = new webdriver.Builder() | ||
| .forBrowser(webdriver.Browser.FIREFOX) | ||
| .setChromeOptions(/* ... */) | ||
| .setFirefoxOptions(/* ... */) | ||
| .build() | ||
| ``` | ||
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| Why would you want to configure options irrelevant to the target browser? The | ||
| `Builder`'s API defines your _default_ configuration. You can change the target | ||
| browser at runtime through the `SELENIUM_BROWSER` environment variable. For | ||
| example, the `example/google_search.js` script is configured to run against | ||
| Firefox. You can run the example against other browsers just by changing the | ||
| runtime environment | ||
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| # cd node_modules/selenium-webdriver | ||
| node example/google_search | ||
| SELENIUM_BROWSER=chrome node example/google_search | ||
| SELENIUM_BROWSER=safari node example/google_search | ||
| Selenium Manager automatically handles browser driver installation — no manual driver setup required. | ||
|
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| ### The Standalone Selenium Server | ||
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| The standalone Selenium Server acts as a proxy between your script and the | ||
| browser-specific drivers. The server may be used when running locally, but it's | ||
| not recommend as it introduces an extra hop for each request and will slow | ||
| things down. The server is required, however, to use a browser on a remote host | ||
| (most browser drivers, like the IEDriverServer, do not accept remote | ||
| connections). | ||
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| To use the Selenium Server, you will need to install the | ||
| [JDK](http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html) and | ||
| download the latest server from [Selenium][release]. Once downloaded, run the | ||
| server with | ||
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| java -jar selenium-server-4.27.0.jar standalone | ||
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| You may configure your tests to run against a remote server through the Builder | ||
| API: | ||
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| ```javascript | ||
| let driver = new webdriver.Builder() | ||
| .forBrowser(webdriver.Browser.FIREFOX) | ||
| .usingServer('http://localhost:4444/wd/hub') | ||
| .build() | ||
| ``` | ||
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| Or change the Builder's configuration at runtime with the `SELENIUM_REMOTE_URL` | ||
| environment variable: | ||
| ## Documentation | ||
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| SELENIUM_REMOTE_URL="http://localhost:4444/wd/hub" node script.js | ||
| - [Getting Started](https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/webdriver/getting_started/) | ||
| - [JavaScript API Docs](https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/docs/api/javascript/) | ||
| - [Selenium Manager](https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/selenium_manager/) | ||
| - [Selenium Grid](https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/grid/) | ||
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| You can experiment with these options using the `example/google_search.js` | ||
| script provided with `selenium-webdriver`. | ||
| ## Support | ||
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| ## Documentation | ||
| - [Selenium Chat](https://www.selenium.dev/support/#ChatRoom) | ||
| - [GitHub Issues](https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues) | ||
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| API documentation is available online from the [Selenium project][api]. | ||
| Additional resources include | ||
| ## Contributing | ||
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| - the #selenium channel on Libera IRC | ||
| - the [selenium-users@googlegroups.com][users] list | ||
| - [SeleniumHQ](https://selenium.dev/documentation/) documentation | ||
| Contributions are welcome via [GitHub](https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/) pull requests. | ||
| See the [source code](https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/tree/trunk/javascript/selenium-webdriver) for this binding. | ||
|
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| ## Contributing | ||
| ## Links | ||
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| Contributions are accepted either through [GitHub][gh] pull requests or patches | ||
| via the [Selenium issue tracker][issues]. | ||
|
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| ## Node Support Policy | ||
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| Each version of selenium-webdriver will support the latest _semver-minor_ | ||
| version of the [LTS] and stable Node releases. All _semver-major_ & | ||
| _semver-minor_ versions between the LTS and stable release will have "best | ||
| effort" support. Following a Selenium release, any _semver-minor_ Node releases | ||
| will also have "best effort" support. Releases older than the latest LTS, | ||
| _semver-major_ releases, and all unstable release branches (e.g. "v.Next") | ||
| are considered strictly unsupported. | ||
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| For example, suppose the current LTS and stable releases are v22.13.0 and | ||
| v23.6.0, | ||
| respectively. Then a Selenium release would have the following support levels: | ||
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| | Version | Support | | ||
| | :--------: | :-----------: | | ||
| | <= 16.20.2 | _unsupported_ | | ||
| | 16.20.2 | supported | | ||
| | 18.8.0 | supported | | ||
| | >= 22.13.0 | best effort | | ||
| | v.Next | _unsupported_ | | ||
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| ### Support Level Definitions | ||
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| - _supported:_ A selenium-webdriver release will be API compatible with the | ||
| platform API, without the use of runtime flags. | ||
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| - _best effort:_ Bugs will be investigated as time permits. API compatibility is | ||
| only guaranteed where required by a _supported_ release. This effectively | ||
| means the adoption of new JS features, such as ES2015 modules, will depend | ||
| on what is supported in Node's LTS. | ||
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| - _unsupported:_ Bug submissions will be closed as will-not-fix and API | ||
| compatibility is not guaranteed. | ||
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| ### Projected Support Schedule | ||
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| If Node releases a new [LTS] each October and a new major version every 6 | ||
| months, the support window for selenium-webdriver will be roughly: | ||
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| | Release | Status | END-OF-LIFE | | ||
| | :-----: | :-------------: | :---------: | | ||
| | v18.x | Maintenance LTS | 2025-04-30 | | ||
| | v19.x | End-of-Life | 2023-06-01 | | ||
| | v20.x | Maintenance LTS | 2026-04-30 | | ||
| | v21.x | End-of-Life | 2024-06-01 | | ||
| | V22.x | Active LTS | 2027-04-30 | | ||
| | V23.x | Current | 2025-06-01 | | ||
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| ## Issues | ||
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| Please report any issues using the [Selenium issue tracker][issues]. When using | ||
| the issue tracker | ||
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| - **Do** include a detailed description of the problem. | ||
| - **Do** include a link to a [gist](http://gist.github.com/) with any | ||
| interesting stack traces/logs (you may also attach these directly to the bug | ||
| report). | ||
| - **Do** include a [reduced test case][reduction]. Reporting "unable to find | ||
| element on the page" is _not_ a valid report - there's nothing for us to | ||
| look into. Expect your bug report to be closed if you do not provide enough | ||
| information for us to investigate. | ||
| - **Do not** use the issue tracker to submit basic help requests. All help | ||
| inquiries should be directed to the [user forum][users] or #selenium IRC | ||
| channel. | ||
| - **Do not** post empty "I see this too" or "Any updates?" comments. These | ||
| provide no additional information and clutter the log. | ||
| - **Do not** report regressions on closed bugs as they are not actively | ||
| monitored for updates (especially bugs that are >6 months old). Please open a | ||
| new issue and reference the original bug in your report. | ||
| - [npm](https://www.npmjs.com/package/selenium-webdriver) | ||
| - [Documentation](https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/?tab=javascript) | ||
|
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| ## License | ||
|
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| Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one | ||
| or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file | ||
| distributed with this work for additional information | ||
| regarding copyright ownership. The SFC licenses this file | ||
| to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the | ||
| "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance | ||
| with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at | ||
|
|
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| http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 | ||
|
|
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| Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, | ||
| software distributed under the License is distributed on an | ||
| "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY | ||
| KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the | ||
| specific language governing permissions and limitations | ||
| under the License. | ||
|
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| [LTS]: https://github.com/nodejs/LTS | ||
| [PATH]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_%28variable%29 | ||
| [api]: https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/docs/api/javascript/ | ||
| [chrome]: https://googlechromelabs.github.io/chrome-for-testing/#stable | ||
| [gh]: https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/ | ||
| [issues]: https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues | ||
| [edge]: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=619687 | ||
| [geckodriver]: https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases/ | ||
| [reduction]: http://www.webkit.org/quality/reduction.html | ||
| [release]: https://www.selenium.dev/downloads/ | ||
| [users]: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/selenium-users | ||
| [safaridriver]: https://developer.apple.com/library/prerelease/content/releasenotes/General/WhatsNewInSafari/Articles/Safari_10_0.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40014305-CH11-DontLinkElementID_28 | ||
| [operadriver]: https://github.com/operasoftware/operachromiumdriver/releases | ||
| Licensed under the [Apache License 2.0](https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0). | ||
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