diff --git a/server.toml b/server.toml
index dc2813d..8e034e2 100644
--- a/server.toml
+++ b/server.toml
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ read_only = true
 [AFP.Volumes.TestVolume]
 name = "Test Volume"          # Volume name. Max 31 characters.
 path = 'C:\Mac\Test'
+read_only = false
 appledouble_mode = "modern"   # per-volume override; "modern" (._ sidecars) or "legacy" (.appledouble folder)
 rebuild_desktop_db = false
 
diff --git a/service/afp/directory.go b/service/afp/directory.go
index baa16c7..6d16803 100644
--- a/service/afp/directory.go
+++ b/service/afp/directory.go
@@ -323,9 +323,6 @@ func (s *Service) handleSetDirParms(req *FPSetDirParmsReq) (*FPSetDirParmsRes, i
 }
 
 func (s *Service) handleCreateDir(req *FPCreateDirReq) (*FPCreateDirRes, int32) {
-	if s.fs == nil {
-		return &FPCreateDirRes{}, ErrAccessDenied
-	}
 	if s.volumeIsReadOnly(req.VolumeID) {
 		return &FPCreateDirRes{}, ErrVolLocked
 	}
diff --git a/service/afp/file.go b/service/afp/file.go
index 5db889b..1254402 100644
--- a/service/afp/file.go
+++ b/service/afp/file.go
@@ -24,9 +24,6 @@ func (s *Service) handleSetFileParms(req *FPSetFileParmsReq) (*FPSetFileParmsRes
 }
 
 func (s *Service) handleCreateFile(req *FPCreateFileReq) (*FPCreateFileRes, int32) {
-	if s.fs == nil {
-		return &FPCreateFileRes{}, ErrAccessDenied
-	}
 	if s.volumeIsReadOnly(req.VolumeID) {
 		return &FPCreateFileRes{}, ErrVolLocked
 	}
@@ -41,6 +38,7 @@ func (s *Service) handleCreateFile(req *FPCreateFileReq) (*FPCreateFileRes, int3
 	if req.HasFlag(FPCreateFileFlagHardCreate) {
 		f, err := backend.CreateFile(targetPath)
 		if err != nil {
+			netlog.Debug("[AFP] FPCreateFile hard create %q failed: %v", targetPath, err)
 			return &FPCreateFileRes{}, ErrAccessDenied
 		}
 		f.Close()
@@ -50,6 +48,7 @@ func (s *Service) handleCreateFile(req *FPCreateFileReq) (*FPCreateFileRes, int3
 			if os.IsExist(err) {
 				return &FPCreateFileRes{}, ErrObjectExists
 			}
+			netlog.Debug("[AFP] FPCreateFile %q failed: %v", targetPath, err)
 			return &FPCreateFileRes{}, ErrAccessDenied
 		}
 		f.Close()
diff --git a/service/afp/filedir.go b/service/afp/filedir.go
index 2c11661..c634899 100644
--- a/service/afp/filedir.go
+++ b/service/afp/filedir.go
@@ -12,18 +12,18 @@ import (
 
 func (s *Service) handleGetFileDirParms(req *FPGetFileDirParmsReq) (*FPGetFileDirParmsRes, int32) {
 	if req.FileBitmap == 0 && req.DirBitmap == 0 {
-		return &FPGetFileDirParmsRes{}, ErrBitmapErr
+		return nil, ErrBitmapErr
 	}
 	if req.FileBitmap&^enumerateFileBitmapMask != 0 || req.DirBitmap&^enumerateDirBitmapMask != 0 {
-		return &FPGetFileDirParmsRes{}, ErrBitmapErr
+		return nil, ErrBitmapErr
 	}
 	if req.Path != "" && req.PathType != PathTypeShortNames && req.PathType != PathTypeLongNames {
-		return &FPGetFileDirParmsRes{}, ErrParamErr
+		return nil, ErrParamErr
 	}
 
 	parentPath, ok := s.resolveDIDPath(req.VolumeID, req.DirID)
 	if !ok && req.DirID != 0 {
-		return emptyGetFileDirParmsRes(req), ErrObjectNotFound
+		return nil, ErrObjectNotFound
 	} else if !ok && req.DirID == 0 {
 		parentPath, _ = s.resolveDIDPath(req.VolumeID, CNIDRoot)
 	}
@@ -32,10 +32,7 @@ func (s *Service) handleGetFileDirParms(req *FPGetFileDirParmsReq) (*FPGetFileDi
 	if req.Path != "" {
 		resolvedPath, errCode := s.resolvePath(parentPath, req.Path, req.PathType)
 		if errCode != NoErr {
-			if errCode == ErrObjectNotFound {
-				return emptyGetFileDirParmsRes(req), ErrObjectNotFound
-			}
-			return &FPGetFileDirParmsRes{}, errCode
+			return nil, errCode
 		}
 		targetPath = resolvedPath
 	}
@@ -48,12 +45,12 @@ func (s *Service) handleGetFileDirParms(req *FPGetFileDirParmsReq) (*FPGetFileDi
 	} else {
 		backend := s.fsForPath(targetPath)
 		if backend == nil {
-			return emptyGetFileDirParmsRes(req), ErrObjectNotFound
+			return nil, ErrObjectNotFound
 		}
 		info, err = backend.Stat(targetPath)
 	}
 	if err != nil {
-		return emptyGetFileDirParmsRes(req), ErrObjectNotFound
+		return nil, ErrObjectNotFound
 	}
 	targetPath = infoPath
 
@@ -76,21 +73,6 @@ func (s *Service) handleGetFileDirParms(req *FPGetFileDirParmsReq) (*FPGetFileDi
 	return res, NoErr
 }
 
-func emptyGetFileDirParmsRes(req *FPGetFileDirParmsReq) *FPGetFileDirParmsRes {
-	// Preserve a valid reply layout (bitmaps + File/DirFlag + pad) even on
-	// ObjectNotFound so clients can parse the envelope deterministically.
-	isFile := true
-	if req.FileBitmap == 0 && req.DirBitmap != 0 {
-		isFile = false
-	}
-	return &FPGetFileDirParmsRes{
-		FileBitmap: req.FileBitmap,
-		DirBitmap:  req.DirBitmap,
-		IsFile:     isFile,
-		Data:       nil,
-	}
-}
-
 func (s *Service) handleRename(req *FPRenameReq) (*FPRenameRes, int32) {
 	if s.volumeIsReadOnly(req.VolumeID) {
 		return &FPRenameRes{}, ErrVolLocked
@@ -195,9 +177,6 @@ func (s *Service) handleSetFileDirParms(req *FPSetFileDirParmsReq) (*FPSetFileDi
 }
 
 func (s *Service) handleDelete(req *FPDeleteReq) (*FPDeleteRes, int32) {
-	if s.fs == nil {
-		return &FPDeleteRes{}, ErrAccessDenied
-	}
 	if s.volumeIsReadOnly(req.VolumeID) {
 		return &FPDeleteRes{}, ErrVolLocked
 	}
diff --git a/service/afp/filedir_pack.go b/service/afp/filedir_pack.go
index fa55100..9b93652 100644
--- a/service/afp/filedir_pack.go
+++ b/service/afp/filedir_pack.go
@@ -233,11 +233,7 @@ func (s *Service) packFileInfo(buf *bytes.Buffer, volumeID uint16, bitmap uint16
 		fixedSize := calcFileParamsSize(bitmap)
 
 		if bitmap&FileBitmapAttributes != 0 {
-			attr := uint16(0)
-			if s.volumeIsReadOnly(volumeID) {
-				attr |= FileAttrWriteInhibit
-			}
-			binutil.WriteU16(buf, attr)
+			binutil.WriteU16(buf, 0)
 		}
 		if bitmap&FileBitmapParentDID != 0 {
 			pdir := s.getPathDID(volumeID, parentPath)
diff --git a/service/afp/getfiledirparms_error_response_test.go b/service/afp/getfiledirparms_error_response_test.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 57e6ec6..0000000
--- a/service/afp/getfiledirparms_error_response_test.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
-//go:build afp || all
-
-package afp
-
-import (
-	"encoding/binary"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-func TestHandleGetFileDirParms_ObjectNotFoundReturnsStructuredResponse(t *testing.T) {
-	root := t.TempDir()
-	s := NewService("TestServer", []VolumeConfig{{Name: "Vol", Path: root}}, &LocalFileSystem{}, nil)
-
-	req := &FPGetFileDirParmsReq{
-		VolumeID:   1,
-		DirID:      CNIDRoot,
-		FileBitmap: FileBitmapLongName,
-		DirBitmap:  DirBitmapLongName,
-		PathType:   2,
-		Path:       "missing",
-	}
-
-	res, errCode := s.handleGetFileDirParms(req)
-	if errCode != ErrObjectNotFound {
-		t.Fatalf("errCode=%d, want ErrObjectNotFound (%d)", errCode, ErrObjectNotFound)
-	}
-	if res == nil {
-		t.Fatalf("expected non-nil response on ErrObjectNotFound")
-	}
-
-	wire := res.Marshal()
-	if len(wire) != 6 {
-		t.Fatalf("wire len=%d, want 6 (bitmaps + flag + pad)", len(wire))
-	}
-	if got := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(wire[0:2]); got != req.FileBitmap {
-		t.Fatalf("file bitmap=%#04x, want %#04x", got, req.FileBitmap)
-	}
-	if got := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(wire[2:4]); got != req.DirBitmap {
-		t.Fatalf("dir bitmap=%#04x, want %#04x", got, req.DirBitmap)
-	}
-	if wire[5] != 0x00 {
-		t.Fatalf("reserved pad byte=%#02x, want 0x00", wire[5])
-	}
-}
-
-func TestHandleGetFileDirParms_ObjectNotFoundDirOnlyRequestUsesDirFlag(t *testing.T) {
-	root := t.TempDir()
-	s := NewService("TestServer", []VolumeConfig{{Name: "Vol", Path: root}}, &LocalFileSystem{}, nil)
-
-	req := &FPGetFileDirParmsReq{
-		VolumeID:   1,
-		DirID:      CNIDRoot,
-		FileBitmap: 0,
-		DirBitmap:  DirBitmapLongName,
-		PathType:   2,
-		Path:       "missing",
-	}
-
-	res, errCode := s.handleGetFileDirParms(req)
-	if errCode != ErrObjectNotFound {
-		t.Fatalf("errCode=%d, want ErrObjectNotFound (%d)", errCode, ErrObjectNotFound)
-	}
-	if res == nil {
-		t.Fatalf("expected non-nil response on ErrObjectNotFound")
-	}
-
-	wire := res.Marshal()
-	if len(wire) != 6 {
-		t.Fatalf("wire len=%d, want 6", len(wire))
-	}
-	if wire[4] != 0x80 {
-		t.Fatalf("File/DirFlag=%#02x, want 0x80 for dir-only request", wire[4])
-	}
-}
diff --git a/service/afp/getfiledirparms_validation_test.go b/service/afp/getfiledirparms_validation_test.go
index c4a0351..69fef9e 100644
--- a/service/afp/getfiledirparms_validation_test.go
+++ b/service/afp/getfiledirparms_validation_test.go
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ func TestHandleGetFileDirParms_RejectsZeroBitmaps(t *testing.T) {
 	if errCode != ErrBitmapErr {
 		t.Fatalf("errCode=%d, want %d", errCode, ErrBitmapErr)
 	}
-	if res == nil {
-		t.Fatalf("expected non-nil response")
+	if res != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected nil response on error, got %+v", res)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ func TestHandleGetFileDirParms_RejectsUnsupportedBitmapBits(t *testing.T) {
 	if errCode != ErrBitmapErr {
 		t.Fatalf("errCode=%d, want %d", errCode, ErrBitmapErr)
 	}
-	if res == nil {
-		t.Fatalf("expected non-nil response")
+	if res != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected nil response on error, got %+v", res)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ func TestHandleGetFileDirParms_RejectsInvalidPathTypeWhenPathPresent(t *testing.
 	if errCode != ErrParamErr {
 		t.Fatalf("errCode=%d, want %d", errCode, ErrParamErr)
 	}
-	if res == nil {
-		t.Fatalf("expected non-nil response")
+	if res != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected nil response on error, got %+v", res)
 	}
 }
diff --git a/service/afp/testdata/fpgetsrvrinfores_basic.hex b/service/afp/testdata/fpgetsrvrinfores_basic.hex
index 725b3c6..bacd0ce 100644
--- a/service/afp/testdata/fpgetsrvrinfores_basic.hex
+++ b/service/afp/testdata/fpgetsrvrinfores_basic.hex
@@ -1 +1 @@
-0016001f004d000080000b5465737420536572766572084f6d6e6954616c6b030e41465056657273696f6e20312e310e41465056657273696f6e20322e300e41465056657273696f6e20322e31020f4e6f20557365722041757468656e7410436c6561727478742050617373777264
+001600230051000080000b54657374205365727665720c436c6173736963537461636b030e41465056657273696f6e20312e310e41465056657273696f6e20322e300e41465056657273696f6e20322e31020f4e6f20557365722041757468656e7410436c6561727478742050617373777264
diff --git a/service/afp/testdata/fpgetsrvrmsgres_basic.hex b/service/afp/testdata/fpgetsrvrmsgres_basic.hex
index b5c691f..f92abbc 100644
--- a/service/afp/testdata/fpgetsrvrmsgres_basic.hex
+++ b/service/afp/testdata/fpgetsrvrmsgres_basic.hex
@@ -1 +1 @@
-000100031357656c636f6d6520746f204f6d6e6954616c6b
+000100031757656c636f6d6520746f20436c6173736963537461636b